Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The immune response in cancer is increasingly understood to be important in determining clinical outcomes, including responses to cancer therapies. New insights into the mechanisms underpinning the immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer are helping to develop the role of immunotherapy and suggest targeted approaches to the management of colorectal cancer at all disease stages.

背景：现代研究认为癌症中的免疫应答在明确包括对癌症疗法的反应在内的临床结果中具有重要意义。关于结直肠癌免疫微环境机制的最新见解有助于提高免疫疗法的地位，并提出针对结肠直肠癌所有阶段管理的方法。

METHOD:

A literature search was performed in PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant articles. This narrative review discusses the current understanding of the contributors to immunogenicity in colorectal cancer and potential applications for targeted therapies.

方法：在PubMed，MEDLINE和Cochrane图书馆数据库中进行文献检索以筛选相关文章。这篇综述讨论了目前对结直肠癌免疫相关的理解以及靶向治疗的潜在应用。

RESULTS:

Responsiveness to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer is non-uniform. Several factors, both germline and tumour-related, are potential determinants of immunogenicity in colorectal cancer. Current approaches target tumours with high immunogenicity driven by mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes. Recent work suggests a role for therapies that boost the immune response in tumours with low immunogenicity.

结果：结直肠癌中对免疫疗法的反应是参差不齐的。性生殖系和肿瘤相关的几种因子是决定结直肠癌免疫原机制的潜在因素。目前对于高免疫原性的肿瘤靶向疗法由DNA错配修复基因突变驱动。最近的研究表明，在免疫原性较低的肿瘤中，可以起到增强免疫反应的作用。

CONCLUSION:

With the development of promising therapies to boost the innate immune response, there is significant potential for the expansion of the role of immunotherapy as an adjuvant to surgical treatment in colorectal cancer.